is3110 lab 5 Essay - 1047 Words

IS3110 LAB 5 Identify Threats and Vulnerabilities in an IT Infrastructure 1. What are the differences between ZeNmap GUI (Nmap) and Nessus? NMAP is primarily a host detection and port discovery tool. Instead of using Nessus to look for specific vulnerabilities against a known quantity of hosts, NMAP discovers active IP hosts using a combination of probes. On the other hand Nessus takes the open ports into account and notifies you if these ports have potential security vulnerabilities attached to them. Nessus is typically installed on a server and runs as a web-based application. Nessus uses plugins to determine if a vulnerability is present on a specified machine. 2. Which scanning application is better for performing a†¦show more content†¦What is the source IP address of the Cisco Security Appliance device (refer to page 6 of the pdf report)? 192.168.0.1 7. How many IP hosts were identified in the Nessus ® vulnerability scan? List them. 8. While Nessus provides suggestions for remediation steps, what else does Nessus provide that can help you assess the risk impact of the identified software vulnerability? Through passive monitoring, PVS can reveal devices and software on the network that are not authorized, or that may indicate a network compromise. 9. Are open ports necessarily a risk? Why or why not? They are a risk because a trojan can be used to transmit data to an attacker. They hold a port open, e.g. Port 31337. The attacker connects to the trojan and sends requests to do a certain task, for example to make a screenshot. The trojan makes the screenshot and sends the image via the port to the attacker. On newer trojans, the port number is quite freely configurable, which makes identifying the trojan by the port number difficult. There are no control mechanisms available which can prevent a trojan from using an specific port. If a trojan does use the port 80, for instance, a novice user could imagine the program is a webserver, and may even simply ignore the port. 10. When you identify a known software vulnerability, where can you go to assess the risk impact of the software vulnerability? Nessus can detect thousands of problems, and it classifies each as one ofShow MoreRelatedIS3110 U7L1 Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿IS3110 Lab7 Student Name: Tom Fletcher Submission Requirements Your last name must be in the filename of your submitted document according the assignment naming standard. IS3110_U7L1_Firstname_Lastname Email to: SMichnick@itt-tech.edu Due By: 6:00 PM CDT, Wednesday August 6, 2014 Note: Emails received after Due Date Due Date will be marked LATE and subject to a grade of 0 for the assignment. Please refer to Pages 46-52 of the IS3110 Student Lab Manual when working on this lab. Lab #7 – PerformRead MoreQuestions on Risk Management Controls Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿IS3110 Lab Student Name: Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Your last name must be in the filename of your submitted document according the assignment naming standard. IS3110_Lab2_Lastname_First Email to: SMichnick@itt-tech.edu Due By: 6:00 PM CDT, Wednesday July 2, 2014 Note: Emails received after Due Date will be marked LATE and subject to a grade penalty of 10% each week it is late. Pages 11-17 of the IS3220 Student Lab Manual Lab #2 – Align Risk, Threats, VulnerabilitiesRead MoreIS3110 U1L11092 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿IS3110 Lab Student Name: Submission Requirements Your last name must be in the filename of your submitted document according the assignment naming standard. IS3110_UL1_Firstname_Lastname Email to: SMichnick@itt-tech.edu Due By: 6:00 PM CDT, Wednesday June 25, 2014 Note: Emails received after Due Date Due Date will be marked LATE and subject to a grade of 0 for the assignment. Pages 3-10 of the IS3220 Student Lab Manual Lab #1 – Part A – List of Risks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities Commonly FoundRead MoreTerm Papers713 Words   |  3 PagesToussaint Chivars IS3110/Lab2 8/16/2014 Align Risks, Threats amp; Vulnerabilities to COBIT Lab 2 1. List indentified threats amp; vulnerabilities Risk Factors from Lab1 a. Unauthorized access from public Internet High risk b. User destroys data in application and deletes files High risk c. Hacker penetrates your IT infrastructure and Medium risk gains access to your internal network d. Intra-office

Empowering Women Free Essays

The roles of women are gradually evolving to embrace what modern society offers them. Women are becoming empowered through education, jobs, promotions, through law and many other forms. It is not only seen in developed countries, it is also seen in developing countries as in the Pacific. We will write a custom essay sample on Empowering Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now Women are progressively being empowered to hold positions other than their traditional ones. Women being empowered have many advantages and disadvantages but it all comes down to three things: economic, social and political advantages and disadvantages. Firstly, the economic advantage of empowering women is that it helps improve their families’ living standards. Whether married or single, empowering of women, through an education or other means, helps to improve their family’s economic and financial standing. For example, according to Leach (1986, pp. 55-56), an estimated one-third of global households are headed by women, and they are responsible for feeding their families. Empowerment in the form of an education can secure for them a job, and hence ensures the continuance of their households. It is therefore clear that an empowered woman is important for the vitality of her household. Furthermore, empowered women are socially advantaged because it upgrades their social standing in society. In many countries, women are thought inferior to men, especially in developing countries. For example, â€Å"Swargo nunut neroko katut† means â€Å"Going to heaven or hell, a woman will merely go along with her husband† (Chrysanti 1998, p. 87). From this Javanese saying, it is possible to say that a married woman is limited by having no say in matters of the Javanese society, as even to the afterlife she is to follow her husband. Their being empowered may allow people in their society to seek advice from them, as they may be considered higher in standard by others. It is then safe to say that when women are empowered, they may have a higher standing in society than if they were not empowered. Moreover, involving women in politics is advantageous as women may provide fresh views. Politics is generally â€Å"male dominated† and decisions made are predominantly from a male point of view. A male cannot hold both male and female opinions and it is best that both genders be present in politics. For example, empowering women has provided for the need for equality to be heard. In the past, female doctors were unheard of and as time passed, the gradual empowering of women has led to women triumphing in medicine as doctors, nurses, lab technicians and so on. Once again, it is an advantage to a country and its citizens to promote female politicians in the government for the balance between views and opinions of males and females. However, being female disadvantages women economically as â€Å"women’s nature† may hinder success. A â€Å"woman’s nature† is generally thought of as emotional and hormonal, and, although not true for all, it may be for some. For example, Chrysanti (p. 93) says that a typical Indonesian woman [manager]†¦ does not rely on her gut feeling and is uncomfortable with taking risks. Chrysanti further says â€Å"While this may serve her well in most instances, she would probably find it harder to make quick, aggressive decisions†. This implies that risks and aggressive decisions may do well to save companies, however the typical Indonesian woman might not take risks and her decisions might cost her and her company. So in order for a woman to succeed economically, she may have to put aside her emotions. Although empowering women may uplift them socially, discrimination from males is still evident. As aforementioned, women may be highly regarded in society due to their empowerment but due to male discrimination, it may be difficult socially. History has proven that only the male had paid jobs, whereas the female performed domestic duties. As Moengangongo (1986, p. 88) stated, â€Å"The traditional ideal is that the male has always been the provider and the female the homemaker†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and this is a common understanding in many countries, making it harder for women to be employed or empowered, and if they did, some men may make it hard for them at the work place. As Kibel (2012) reports, â€Å"Certain forms of discrimination against women remain widespread. Out of 121 countries covered in the 2012 SIGI, 86 have discriminatory inheritance practices or laws. This thus proves that male discrimination is still evident today. So although women are gradually being empowered, men become obstacles in their empowerment. Additionally, there is a lot of competition in politics making female empowerment difficult. Since politics is male dominated, there is already existing competition between male politicians; women entering politics can be sure of an abundance of competition, and as the saying goes â€Å"whatever women do, they must do twice as well [as men] to be considered half as well [as men]†. For example, in Tonga, women rarely hold high positions in the government because numerous male competitors prevent it. ‘Alisi Taumoepeau is an example of a rare successful woman in politics, and this may only have been due to her doubled efforts. Therefore, no matter how qualified or empowered a woman may be, she will still face competition and she may have to work twice as hard to even be considered in politics. To conclude, there are many advantages and disadvantages of being empowered as a woman, the three main reasons being economically, socially and politically. As can be seen, empowering of women helps financially; it helps women gain respect and gives women a voice. We can also see that although empowering women is widely promoted, there are still many obstacles for women to overcome. It is strongly suggested that each country have or support programs that are dedicated to empowerment of women, so that women can be empowered for benefits of home and country. A country with empowered women is compared to a household headed by an empowered woman: wealthy, organized and cooperative. How to cite Empowering Women, Papers Empowering Women Free Essays The roles of women are gradually evolving to embrace what modern society offers them. Women are becoming empowered through education, jobs, promotions, through law and many other forms. It is not only seen in developed countries, it is also seen in developing countries as in the Pacific. We will write a custom essay sample on Empowering Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now Women are progressively being empowered to hold positions other than their traditional ones. Women being empowered have many advantages and disadvantages but it all comes down to three things: economic, social and political advantages and disadvantages. Firstly, the economic advantage of empowering women is that it helps improve their families’ living standards. Whether married or single, empowering of women, through an education or other means, helps to improve their family’s economic and financial standing. For example, according to Leach (1986, pp. 55-56), an estimated one-third of global households are headed by women, and they are responsible for feeding their families. Empowerment in the form of an education can secure for them a job, and hence ensures the continuance of their households. It is therefore clear that an empowered woman is important for the vitality of her household. Furthermore, empowered women are socially advantaged because it upgrades their social standing in society. In many countries, women are thought inferior to men, especially in developing countries. For example, â€Å"Swargo nunut neroko katut† means â€Å"Going to heaven or hell, a woman will merely go along with her husband† (Chrysanti 1998, p. 87). From this Javanese saying, it is possible to say that a married woman is limited by having no say in matters of the Javanese society, as even to the afterlife she is to follow her husband. Their being empowered may allow people in their society to seek advice from them, as they may be considered higher in standard by others. It is then safe to say that when women are empowered, they may have a higher standing in society than if they were not empowered. Moreover, involving women in politics is advantageous as women may provide fresh views. Politics is generally â€Å"male dominated† and decisions made are predominantly from a male point of view. A male cannot hold both male and female opinions and it is best that both genders be present in politics. For example, empowering women has provided for the need for equality to be heard. In the past, female doctors were unheard of and as time passed, the gradual empowering of women has led to women triumphing in medicine as doctors, nurses, lab technicians and so on. Once again, it is an advantage to a country and its citizens to promote female politicians in the government for the balance between views and opinions of males and females. However, being female disadvantages women economically as â€Å"women’s nature† may hinder success. A â€Å"woman’s nature† is generally thought of as emotional and hormonal, and, although not true for all, it may be for some. For example, Chrysanti (p. 93) says that a typical Indonesian woman [manager]†¦ does not rely on her gut feeling and is uncomfortable with taking risks. Chrysanti further says â€Å"While this may serve her well in most instances, she would probably find it harder to make quick, aggressive decisions†. This implies that risks and aggressive decisions may do well to save companies, however the typical Indonesian woman might not take risks and her decisions might cost her and her company. So in order for a woman to succeed economically, she may have to put aside her emotions. Although empowering women may uplift them socially, discrimination from males is still evident. As aforementioned, women may be highly regarded in society due to their empowerment but due to male discrimination, it may be difficult socially. History has proven that only the male had paid jobs, whereas the female performed domestic duties. As Moengangongo (1986, p. 88) stated, â€Å"The traditional ideal is that the male has always been the provider and the female the homemaker†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and this is a common understanding in many countries, making it harder for women to be employed or empowered, and if they did, some men may make it hard for them at the work place. As Kibel (2012) reports, â€Å"Certain forms of discrimination against women remain widespread. Out of 121 countries covered in the 2012 SIGI, 86 have discriminatory inheritance practices or laws. This thus proves that male discrimination is still evident today. So although women are gradually being empowered, men become obstacles in their empowerment. Additionally, there is a lot of competition in politics making female empowerment difficult. Since politics is male dominated, there is already existing competition between male politicians; women entering politics can be sure of an abundance of competition, and as the saying goes â€Å"whatever women do, they must do twice as well [as men] to be considered half as well [as men]†. For example, in Tonga, women rarely hold high positions in the government because numerous male competitors prevent it. ‘Alisi Taumoepeau is an example of a rare successful woman in politics, and this may only have been due to her doubled efforts. Therefore, no matter how qualified or empowered a woman may be, she will still face competition and she may have to work twice as hard to even be considered in politics. To conclude, there are many advantages and disadvantages of being empowered as a woman, the three main reasons being economically, socially and politically. As can be seen, empowering of women helps financially; it helps women gain respect and gives women a voice. We can also see that although empowering women is widely promoted, there are still many obstacles for women to overcome. It is strongly suggested that each country have or support programs that are dedicated to empowerment of women, so that women can be empowered for benefits of home and country. A country with empowered women is compared to a household headed by an empowered woman: wealthy, organized and cooperative. How to cite Empowering Women, Essay examples

Arnold Böcklin Example For Students

Arnold Bà ¶cklin Biography Outline1 Biography2 Key ideas in painting3 Arts made by Arnold Bà ¶cklin3.1 Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle.3.2 Battle of Centaurs.3.3 Isle of Dead. Biography Arnold Bocklin (October 16, 1827 January 16, 1901), the modern artist and painter from Switzerland, gained great popularity during the period of his creative work. His coevals used in their works different forms of abstraction and stylistic elements based on classicism and history of the subject matter of the past. Arnold Bocklin, on the contrary, became utterly absorbed in the history of Renaissance pictorial art, full of mythological figures, which made him more eccentric and conspicuous. All his efforts to create great pictures resulted in a combination of painting traditions along with eclecticism, which is called kitsch. His works were taken as a standard by a great variety of modern  artists, especially by those, who wished to represent natural and fantasy world in their paintings. Key ideas in painting Arnold Bocklin belonged to the most prominent representatives of symbolism. Although other  painters make use of gloomy intensity in their works, Arnold made over imagery of mythological classicism with abrupt feelings. Besides, he added some strange combination of the comical and the dreadful, making his works extremely popular with surrealists, for example, S. Dali. Several things had an impact on Arnold Bà ¶cklin’s works. The modern artist, even though he didn’t like to be called as one, searched for inspiration in many   Northern-European artists. The Romantic landscape pictures, playing with French realism, getting acquainted with the traditions of Renaissance and peculiarities of Baroque along with the mixture of fanciful ironic elements left an imprint on his creativity and broke new ground for Postmodernism culture of art. Arnold Bocklin appeared to be one of the most prosperous modern artists of that time when it came to excellent public taste. Bocklin used the opportunity of printing and reprinting of artworks in Germany. Many of his works were found on the walls of living rooms of middle-class society. That is why, Arnold is thought to be one, whose art found its appreciation all around the mass market. Arts made by Arnold Bà ¶cklin The following art belongs to the greatest achievements of the painter. They brought him true success and recognition among the audience. Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle. It’s the representation of the artist, who is engaged in painting and looks somehow confused as if he hears the skeleton playing the fiddle behind his left shoulder. The clothes and the very postural pose of the painter suggest the combination of Romanticism and Gothic style. The image of the skeleton was borrowed from the traditions of danse macabre from the Middle Ages. Battle of Centaurs. Collaborating with his friend, Franz von Lenbach, at that time, Arnold finished the painting in 1873. This work is synonymous with the Michelangelo’s one, but it possesses a few variations of styles of art. The public in Germany was quite fascinated by the work, and it was exhibited in every gallery as a masterpiece. Isle of Dead. The Isle of Dead is another piece of art created by Arnold Bocklin. Painted in a Romantic style, which has some symbolic peculiarities, it represents the rower and a lady in white, charging toward the aisle. From the first sight, one may notice the similarity between the boat and the eternity box. The Island of Dead symbolizes a graveyard where one of the painter’s children was buried.

Nucleon, Inc. Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III

In the first phase, Nucleon undertook to build a pilot facility to produce the Cell Regulating Protein 1 (CRP-1). It was noted that the company did not have immediate personnel to sustain the functionality of the facility, such as quality assurance, logistics and repairs. This is despite the fact that the company worked with scholars in the field that the facility would serve.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Nucleon, Inc.: Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The other risk was that if the clinical trial failed, the plant would not generate the other products immediately. This manufacturing facility was not yet ready to engage in most of the products (Roy 8). It is recommended that the company carries out a gap analysis on the goal, facility and implementation of its projects (International Facility Management Association 6). This will enable the compan y to plan for the possibilities of failed trials or technical mishaps in its projected functions. A gap analysis would reveal the capacity of Nucleon Inc. in terms of human resources and the means of developing on-job skills. The analysis will determine the difference between the actual potential of the company and its ideal potential (International Facility Management Association 6). It is also recommended that Nucleon determines the time that it would require to set up the facility, in addition to the time required to recruit and train the personnel of the designated responsibilities (International Facility Management Association 6). This would require working with the existing experts in a different facility and using strategic simulations. After all, the contract option would require a company with such expertise and personnel (Roy 9). In contraction, Nucleon should have a selective approach by agreeing with the potential contractor on the level of information disclosure. It sho uld be recommended that for every level of information disclosure, the prospective contractor should make a corresponding commitment to the program (Kirk 202). It is also recommended that the company considers the limits within which it may engage in legal battles, in case of a breach of contract. The other costs may arise in form of monitoring and evaluation and transactional fees (Kirk 202).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The third phase of the CRP-1 project would involve licensing the product to another company. Roy observes that Nucleon would have numerous benefits in form of money, reduced costs of production, and marketing (Roy 10). It is recommended that Nucleon should license the product to another company. This would allow the company to concentrate on strengthening its technology and thus, promoting innovation (Friedman 285). However, Nucleon Inc. must put in place measures to ensure that the licensed company operates within the agreement. Licensing would also allow the company to prepare for more complex and capital demanding projects. The pilot facility would cost Nucleon about $7.394 million and the estimated cost of the clinical trial was $4.795 million. The estimated gross sales would be $53.7 million, $99.5 million, $125 million, $130 million, and $150 million in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 respectively (Roy 15). To determine the net value of the project, the company and its stakeholders must establish the monetary costs in the three phases. Some of the parameters to include are the cost of approval, the costs of material and facility, and the costs of training personnel. The non-monetary costs may include the costs of improving the technology, environmental factors and the average time of preparation and piloting (Stewart 7-8). The value of the project increases with the approval of each phase. This should be determined over time in phase 1, 2 and 3 (Stewart 11). Although the valuation is done per stage, it is vital to factor in the risks of the project. The risk-adjusted cash flow is explained in an empirical formulation or in qualitative parameters of various operations (Stewart 10). Works Cited Friedman, Yale, Intellectual property and biotechnology innovation: To protect or not to protect 15.4: 285-286. 2009. Print. International Facility Management Association, Strategic Facility Planning: A white paper. Houston, TX: IFMA. 2009. Print.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Nucleon, Inc.: Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kirk, Dorothy, Selecting University technology Transfer Modes: An examination of Biotechnology Firms’ Entrepreneurial Orientation. Journal of technology management and innovation 8.2: 189-208. 2013. Print. Roy, Raja â€Å"Nucleon, Inc.† Ha rvard Business School 692.41 (1994): 1-16. Print. Stewart, Jeffrey, Biotechnology valuations for the 21st Century. Milkens Institute 17.2: 1- 12. 2002. Print. This case study on Nucleon, Inc.: Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III was written and submitted by user Cassidy Vinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on AOL Time Warner Merger

Term Paper On AOL & Time-Warner Merger Subject: Financial Management AOL-Time Warner, Inc. is a fully integrated, Internet-powered media and communications company. The Company was formed in connection with the merger of America Online, Inc. (America Online) and Time Warner Inc. (Time Warner), which was consummated on January 11, 2001 (the Merger). As a result of the Merger, America Online and Time Warner each became wholly owned subsidiaries of AOL Time Warner. Business areas The Company classifies its business interests into fundamental areas comprised of America Online, consisting principally of interactive services, Web brands, Internet technologies and electronic commerce; Cable, consisting principally of interests in cable television systems; Filmed Entertainment, consisting principally of interests in filmed entertainment and television production; Networks, consisting principally of interests in cable television and broadcast television networks; Music, consisting principally of interests in recorded music and music publishing; and Publishing, consisting principally of interests in magazine publishing, book publishing and direct marketing. Time-Warner Time Warner Entertainment Company, L.P. (TWE) was formed in 1992 to own and operate substantially all of the business of Warner Bros., Home Box Office and the cable television businesses owned and operated by Time Warner prior to such date. Currently, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, owns general and limited partnership interests in 74.49% of the pro rata priority capital (Series A Capital) and residual equity capital (Residual Capital) of TWE and 100% of the junior priority capital. The remaining 25.51% limited partnership interests in the Series A Capital and Residual Capital of TWE are held by MediaOne TWE Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of AT&T Corp. (AT&T). The Company and AT&T have been engaged in discussions regarding AT&T's interest in... Free Essays on AOL Time Warner Merger Free Essays on AOL Time Warner Merger Term Paper On AOL & Time-Warner Merger Subject: Financial Management AOL-Time Warner, Inc. is a fully integrated, Internet-powered media and communications company. The Company was formed in connection with the merger of America Online, Inc. (America Online) and Time Warner Inc. (Time Warner), which was consummated on January 11, 2001 (the Merger). As a result of the Merger, America Online and Time Warner each became wholly owned subsidiaries of AOL Time Warner. Business areas The Company classifies its business interests into fundamental areas comprised of America Online, consisting principally of interactive services, Web brands, Internet technologies and electronic commerce; Cable, consisting principally of interests in cable television systems; Filmed Entertainment, consisting principally of interests in filmed entertainment and television production; Networks, consisting principally of interests in cable television and broadcast television networks; Music, consisting principally of interests in recorded music and music publishing; and Publishing, consisting principally of interests in magazine publishing, book publishing and direct marketing. Time-Warner Time Warner Entertainment Company, L.P. (TWE) was formed in 1992 to own and operate substantially all of the business of Warner Bros., Home Box Office and the cable television businesses owned and operated by Time Warner prior to such date. Currently, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, owns general and limited partnership interests in 74.49% of the pro rata priority capital (Series A Capital) and residual equity capital (Residual Capital) of TWE and 100% of the junior priority capital. The remaining 25.51% limited partnership interests in the Series A Capital and Residual Capital of TWE are held by MediaOne TWE Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of AT&T Corp. (AT&T). The Company and AT&T have been engaged in discussions regarding AT&T's interest in...

Recipe for Fake Blue or Green Blood

Recipe for Fake Blue or Green Blood ​This is a recipe for an edible fake blood which you can color blue or green for insects, spiders, and other arthropods, or perhaps for aliens. Spiders, mollusks, and several other arthropods have light blue blood because their blood contains the copper-based pigment, hemocyanin. Hemoglobin is red; hemocyanin is blue. Ingredients for Blue or Green Fake Blood This simple recipe only requires a few basic kitchen ingredients: Light corn syrupCorn starchBlue or green food coloring or unsweetened drink mix Make Fake Blood How much fake blood do you need? Pour that amount of corn syrup into a bowl.Stir in corn starch until you achieve the desired blood consistency. The blood will thicken as the water in the corn syrup evaporates, so if you are using the blood for a Halloween costume, for example, expect the blood to be thinnest when you first prepare it.Add food coloring to achieve the desired color. A variation of this recipe is to make a fake blood gravy, in which you heat the corn syrup to boiling and add a corn starch dissolved in a little water. This produces a translucent blood. If you cook the blood, be sure to wait until it has cooled before you use it. Make It Glow While spiders and mollusks dont have glowing blood, you might want a glow-in-the-dark effect for show. To get the fake blood to glow, stir in some phosphorescent powder (available online or in craft stores). Note the the original recipe is safe enough to eat. Glowing blood is non-toxic, but should not be ingested. Fake Blood Clean-Up This fake blood can be cleaned up using warm water. Since it contains food coloring, avoid getting it on surfaces which would stain, such as clothing or furniture.

Answer questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Answer questions - Essay Example There was a resultant concentration of wealth on the remaining populations and the remaining workers were paid five times more. It, therefore, had positive addition to civilization in Europe, hence, the reduced suppression of rights of workers and the concentration on health issues. It equally lead to adjustment on the distribution of land wealth in relation to the landowners. (Fredrick and Cartwright) The medieval communities longing for better lives made them live in brutality and horrible experiences from the acts of their superiors. The community lived in social tied out sets until they were torn by economic strife and the need for changes due to advancements and developments. The division of social class made the lords suppress the thoughts and notions of the peasants with a direct correlation with the tying with religion of which failure to conform would mean religious revolt by the peasants, hence, they had to humble themselves despite the hard times. De jure systems of justice ensured that fear and forceful obligation of the parties involved in conflicts ensued. The crude systems of justice in the middle ages were designed by the lords and powerful individuals in these societies to be able to meet their desired needs at the expense of others illegally and to maintain the status

Developing a Teaching Capacity Enhancement Plan Essay

Developing a Teaching Capacity Enhancement Plan - Essay Example They will also be based on my choice of my aspired career as a long distance teacher. The choice of goal selection as an adult is further reinforced by the fact that Malcolm Knowles has identified that adults are goal oriented (Knowles, 1970) and therefore I will prefer to have clear goals for myself and then construct a clear set of goals for my adult students so that surety of transference and development of cognitive interest is assured. Goals For the teaching capacity enhancement plan, I have selected four basic goals which I plan to achieve in the next 12 months. The first and the foremost goal is to develop a capacity for learner centered teaching. This will be achieved by developing not only empathy but also detailed study and application of the theory of cognitivism. This theory will give me precise knowledge of the thought process behind behaviors and what goes on in the learners mind. (Schuman, 1996) Thus ultimately this goal will enhance my capabilities as a cognitive thin ker and teacher. The second is to enhance my capacities as a distance learning teacher and to develop ideas and processes around it. This goal also includes development of a plan and program which will ensure captivation of the students thus learners interest even when they are learning online and not directly. The third goal is also centered on the second goal and includes actions for modification and development of online degrees to provide life-long grounding for individuals who pursue them. Last but not the least, my final goal is to imbibe flexibility in myself as a long distance teacher and create a program which is flexible to ensure optimum learning for all those who value learning but cannot achieve it due to their commitments. This last goal will include both a personal development and grooming as an individual and will also include designing and implementation of a negotiated learning contract and program of study. Justification of selection and significance of goals (T-D EPLOY) Theory Multiple theories support my selection of goals and they are extremely significant for all educators, particularly those who wish to enter the adult education and distant learning dimension. Learner centered teaching is has been defined as the form of teaching which removes emphasis from the teacher and directs it towards the learner and the process of learning. As for developing my capabilities as a long distance teacher many theorists have encouraged the fact that lifelong learning opportunities must be encouraged and supported and Reushle in his doctoral thesis has been particularly vocal about the importance of both learning and its easy availability throughout life. (Reushle, 2005). He also believed that a transformative approach should be available for all online educators and my goal is to get that transformative approach to transform the lives of individuals I teach. The topic of distance-learning has been frequently debated by theorists and researchers. Marsha ll McLuhan (McLuhan, 1964) has described media as the carrier of the message from the transmitting source to the receiver. Thus media is often regarded as the extension of humans that allow for convenient affecting of people in the absence of a face to face contact. Therefore internet and video learning is a very strong medium to teach

Human skin color Essay Example for Free

Human skin color Essay â€Å"Virtue, then, is a state that decides, consisting in a mean, the mean relative to us, which is defined by reference to reason, that is to say, to the reason by reference to which the prudent person would define it. It is a mean between two vices, one of excess and one of deficiency† Aristotle’s definition of Virtue of Character but what is it really saying. Let us define it with the Socratic Definition per genus et differentia. Let us break it into the three parts genus, species and the differentiating factor (differentia). The genus or general topic would be virtue of character, the species or the specific area of virtue of character would be the mean between the two vices excess and deficiency, lastly is the differentiating factor or what makes the species different from other forms of it which would be the situation and how individual people can reason out different outcomes from what is required from them. Virtue is an activity of the human soul and has two parts virtue of character and virtue of intellect. Virtue of intellect is wisdom and knowledge an example would be studying at school. Virtue of character is learned by action and practice an example would be learning that cheating on tests is bad and knowing not to attempt it. Reasoning out where we stand in a particular situation is not related to knowledge or studying but rather repeated application of acts so Aristotle’s is stating acts of character not of intellect. Nothing can be to good, have to little and you have deficiency have too much and it’s excess. The mean is the middle ground between too much and too little. This mean varies on person to person. An example would be too much sun. Take a 2 people one with a fair skin tone and one with a dark skin tone. The mean amount of sun for the dark skin tone would be excess to the fair skinned person and possibly give them sunburn. Give the dark toned person the mean amount of sun required by the fair toned person and you have deficiency and could led to lack of vitamin E. But it’s up to the individual to regulate between the two through trial and error.

Samuel Beckett Essay -- essays research papers

Beckett's Absurd Characters Beckett did not view and express the problem of Absurdity in any form of philosophical theory (he never wrote any philosophical essays, as Camus or Sartre did), his expression is exclusively the artistic language of theatre. In this chapter, I analyse the life situation of Beckett's characters finding and pointing at the parallels between the philosophical background of the Absurdity and Beckett's artistic view. As I have already mentioned in the biography chapter, Beckett read various philosophical treatises; he was mostly interested in Descartes, Schopenhauer, and Geulincx. These thinkers are the main sources which influenced and formed Beckett's view of the world as well as his literary writings. Beckett's major and the only theme appearing and recurring in all his works, is exclusively the theme of man. Beckett is interested in man as an individual, in his subjective attitude to the world, in confrontation of individual subject with the objective reality. According to Descartes, human being is composed of two different substances: body (res extensa) and mind (res cogitas).21 The body is a part of a mechanical nature, a material substance independent from spirit; and the mind, a pure thinking substance. This distinction of the two qualitative different substances is called subject-object "Cartesian dualism", 22 and it gave rise to number of philosophical problems, the essence of which is Their mutual connection. Beckett's characters are such subjective thinking substances surrounded by mechanical material nature; and as the subject-object connection was the most problematic part of Descartes' concept, it is one of the major motifs Beckett deals with. He uses dramatic symbols, to express the barriers and the walls between the worlds "in" and "out" as to demonstrate their incompatibility. His characters are physically isolated from what is happening "outside" and the space they are imprisoned in, is their inner subjective world. "A Beckett hero is always in conflict with objects around him... he is divided from the rest of the world, a stranger to its desires and needs. The dichotomy between his own mind and body finds an analogy in the outside world in the dichotomy between people and objects. ...tension is created between mind and body, on one hand, and people and objects, on the ot... ...tion, 1992. 10. Friedrich Nietzsche, Tak pravil Zarathustra, trans. Otokar Fischer, (Olomouc: Votobia, 1992) 9. /translation mine/ 11. Martin Esslin, The Theatre of the Absurd (London: Penguin Books, 1986) 23. 12. see Albert Camus, The Myth of Sisyphus and Other Essays, trans. Justin O'Brien, (New York: Vintage Books, 1961) 21-24. 13. Camus 38. 14. see Diane Collinson, Fifty Major Philosophers: A Reference Guide (London: Routledge, 1997) 57-60. 15. Camus 10. 16. Camus 90. 17. Camus 4. 18. see Camus 3-8. 19. Camus 88. 20. Camus 89. 21. see Collinson 58. 22. Collinson 57. 23. Carolyn Riley and Barbara Harte, eds., Contemporary Literary Criticism: Excerpts from Criticism of the Works of Today's Novelists, Poets, Playwrights and Other Creative Writers, vol. 1 (Detroit: Book Tower, 1973- ) 20. 24. Camus 11. 25. see Collins 100-103. 26. see Collins 100-103. 27. see Arthur Schopenhauer, Svet jako vule a predstava. trans. Jan Dvorak, ed. Thomas Mann (Olomouc: Votobia, 1993). 28. Collins 103. 29. see Camus 33. 30. see Schopenhauer 19. 31. see Friedrich Nietzsche, Filosofie v tragickem obdobi Reku, trans. Jan Brezina and Jiri Horak, (Olomouc: Rektorat UP, 1992) 46-52.

Hindi as a Language

The constitution of India (Article 343) recognises Hindi as the official language of India. Hindi is also the main language in many states of India such as Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal/ Uttarakhand, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh and Himachal Pradesh. It is spoken by more than 437 million people in the world. The other dialects of Hindi are Brajbhasha, Bundeli, Awadhi, Marwari, Maithili, Bhojpuri, to name only a few. Hindi can be traced back to as early as the seventh or eighth century.The dialect that has been chosen as the official language is Khariboli in the Devnagari script. Other dialects of Hindi are Brajbhasa, Bundeli, Awadhi, Marwari, Maithili and Bhojpuri. It was in the 10th century that authentic Hindi poetry took its form and since then it has been constantly modified. History of Hindi literature as a whole can be divided into four stages: Adikal (the Early Period), Bhaktikal (the Devotional Period), Ritikal (the Scholastic Period) and Adhunikkal (th e Modern Period). Adikal-Adikal starts from the middle of the 10th century to the beginning of the 14th century. The poetry of this period has been divided into three categories Apabhramsha Poetry, Heroic Poetry and Miscellaneous Poetry. Apabhramsha Poetry includes the Siddha literature (750-1200), the Nath literature and the Jain literature. Siddha literature was written in the popular language and this echoed devotional themes combined with a strong erotic feeling. Between the 7th and the 14th century, the poet Gorakhnath and his followers mainly composed the Nath literature.They avoided eroticism, scorned racial discrimination and put stress on moral values, using the Doha (couplet) and the Chaupai (quartet) styles in their poems. These compositions had a great influence on the Sant (devotional literature made popular by Rahim and Kabir et al) literature. During this period Jain poets like Swayambhu, Som Datt Suri, Sharang Dhar and Nalla Singh composed the Charit Kavyas, which pr opagate moral tenets and portrayals of Nature. Heroic Poetry was composed wholly in the native speech. Bhakti Kal or the Devotional Period :The bhakti kal stretched between the 14th and the 17th century. During this age Islamic customs were heaped upon the common people and the Hindus were quite dejected by this. The poets of this period felt that it was their moral duty to arouse a sense of devotion through religious poetry. These poets have been divided into two groups: Nirguna and Saguna poets, depending upon the devotional attitude towards the Lord. Nirgunas have been further divided into two groups on the basis of different sadhanas (disciplines) followed by them.Those that put emphasis on the importance of knowledge for the realization of God were called the Saint poets. Kabir Das, Guru Nanak, Dharma Das, Maluk Das, Dadudayal, Sunder Das belong to this genre. In their Sakhis (couplets) and Padas (songs) they condemned rituals and laid emphasis on the theory of Monotheism (the belief that there is one God). Poets who believed love was the path of realizing God were called Sufi Poets. Jayasi, Manjhan, Kutuban and Usman were the pioneers of this school. Poets of the Saguna style are also divided into two groups: the followers of Rama and those of Krishna.Tulsi Das is the leading poet of the former group along with Agra Das, Nabha Das and Pran Chand Chauhan. Tulsi Das depicts Rama as the Ideal Man in his classical works Ramacharitamanasa, Gitavali, Kavitavali and Vinay Patrika. The devotees of Krishna have, however, portrayed him according to his popular image, that of the playful Krishna. These poets like Surdas, Nand Das, Parmananda Das and Meera have written about love and beauty. The devotional period created immortal literature and is distinguished as the golden age of Hindi Poetry. Ritikal or the Scholastic period:The poets of Ritikal can be classified into two groups on the basis of their subject: Ritibaddha (those wedded to rhetorics) and Ritimukta ( free from rhetorical conventions). The former poets composed on definitional and (Lakshana) and illustrative (Lakshya) themes. The essential nature of Rasa, Alankara, Nayikabheda were illustrated by them through Saviyas and Kavithas. Poets like Chintamani, Keshav, Mati Ram, Deva, Kulpati Misra and Bhikari Das were leaders of this style. The second group consists of free-minded poets like Alam, Ghananand, Bodha and Thakur. They wrote in a spontaneous manner ith feelings of love, quite quite dissilimar to rhetorical poetry. This age saw two more poetic trends. Didactic poetry in stray verses composed by Vrinda, Vaital and Giridhar and Heroic Poetry by Bhushan, Sudan, Lal and various others. Adhunikkal or Modern Period: Modern Hindi literature has been divided into four phases; the age of Bharatendu or the Renaissance (1868-1893), Dwivedi Yug (1893-1918), Chhayavada Yug (1918-1937) and the Contemporary Period (1937 onwards). Bharatendu Harishchandra (1849-1882) brought in a modern outl ook in Hindi literature and is thus called the ‘Father of Modern Hindi Literature'.Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi later took up this vision. Dwivedi was a reformist by nature and he brought in a refined style of writing in Hindi poetry, which later acquired a deeper moral tone. This was the age of revival when the glory and grandeur of ancient Indian culture was fully adopted to enrich modern life. Social, political and economic problems were portrayed in poetry while songs were of social awakening. This trend helped in the emergence of National Cultural Poetry whose leading poets were Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Balkrishna Shama ‘Navin', Siyaram Gupta and ‘Dinkar'.These poets put more stress on moral aspect of life rather than on love or beauty, which later evolved in the Chhayavada style of poetry. Kamayani is the zenith of this school and Chhayavada was best represented by Prasad, Nirala, Pant and Mahadevi Verma. After the decline of this movement in came the leftist ideology which found voice in two opposite styles of Hindi poetry. One was Progressivism and Prayogavada or later called Nai Kavita. The former was an effort of translating Marx's philosophy of Social realism into art. The most notable figure of this movement was Sumitranandan Pant.The latter safeguarded artistic freedom and brought in new poetic content and talent to reflect modern insight. The pioneers of this trend were Aggeya, Girija Kumar, Mathur and Dharamvir Bharati. A third style called Personal Lyrics also appeared, aiming at free and spontaneous human expressions with Harivansh Rai Bachchan as the leader of this trend. The history of Hindi poetry, thus, extends over a period of almost one thousand years. The proper development of Hindi prose followed the rise and growth of Khari Boli (colloquial dialect).Pre-Bharatendu writers like Ram Prasad Niranjani, Sadasukh Lal, Insha Allah Khan and Sadal Misra composed proses mainly based on mythological stories. Insha Allah Khan used the ty pical Khari Boli while others were more influenced by Sanskrit and Braj Bhasha. The development of Hindi prose has been classified into three periods: The first phase (1868-1918), the period of growth (1918-1937) and the present age of excellence (1938 onwards). The First Phase: Prose literature of Bharatendu and Dwivedi era covers the first phase.The writers of this age developed drama, novel, short story, essay and literary criticism. Popular dramatic compositions were done mainly by Bharatendu Harishchandra, Bal Krishna Bhatt and Radha Krishna Das. They inclined more towards satires on contemporary conditions, social and patriotic plays. Eminent prosateurs of this age included Devaki Nandan Khatri (novelist), Chandradhar Sharma (short-story writer), Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi (essayist) and Padma Singh Sharma (critic). The period of growth This is represented by Jayshankar Prasad, Rai Krishna Das and Mahadevi Varma.Drama acquired a distinct place for itself in this period but the the atre did not respond to it. Again, fiction attained new proportions with Premchand as its most outstanding representative. The period of excellence This period came more whole-heartedly after the Independence of India in 1947. Hindi drama of this period laid emphasis on realistic expressions and two new forms evolved like poetic Drama and radio play. Now the theatre also became interested in enacting these plays. ‘Ashka' Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Mohan Rakesh and Lakshminarayan Lal have acquired distinction amongst modern playwrights.Fiction made a wonderful progress during this period. Realism, psycho-analytical techniques and prose-style was the main ingredient of the plot structure. Modern Hindi fiction found its mentors in Yash Pal, Agyeya and Renu. Essay and literary criticism also developed during this period. Essayists like Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Mahadevi Varma and Siyaram Sharan Gupta found new ways of expressing themselves through reminiscences, reportage and sketch. Th e history of Hindi prose is not expansive, as it had started out quite late. However, it has progressed at a rapid pace.

Margaret Newman

For someone like Margaret Newman, nursing was not only a profession but a more of a calling. She knew, long before she stepped into formal nursing education, that nursing would become her life’s fulfillment. Prior to attaining formal nursing education, she became the primary caregiver to her mother who was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.   Dr. Newman took up a degree on nursing at the University of Tennessee, Memphis.In her stay in the University, she was intrigued with the human experience and the complexity of health and illness. This challenged her to greater heights in intellectual capacity and fueled her more to reach for higher levels of education. After attaining a degree in Nursing, she then pursued a graduate level degree and majored in medical-surgical nursing at the University of California, San Francisco. In her studies in California, she was honored with a master’s degree in 1964.  Before she resumed her graduate studies, she jointly serve d as the director of nursing in a clinical research center and also contributed in the academe as the assistant professor of nursing at the University of Tennessee.For the next ten years, Margaret Newman furthered her search for knowledge by pursuing further study in the graduate level and taking a doctorate level at 1971 (Margaret Newman: A Nurse Theorist). She also taught from 1971 to 1977 at New York University.  In 1977, she was appointed as the professor-in-charge of the graduate study for Nursing at Penn State. In addition, she assumed a position as a nurse theorist at the University of Minnesota in 1984. It was only in 1996 that she finally passed the torch and retired from education potential nurses.Dr. Margaret Newman has been honored as an outstanding alumnus by both the University of Tennessee and New York University and in addition, Dr. Newman is a Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing.  For her unrelenting pursuit for furthering the nursing profession, the Disti nguished Scholar in Nursing Award from New York University was bestowed upon her. Moreover, she was awarded the E. Louise Grant Award for Nursing Excellence from the University of Minnesota and the Founders Award for Excellence in Nursing Research from Sigma Theta Tau International.Dr. Newman has been included in Who’s Who in American Women since 1983 and was appointed to Who’s Who in America in 1996. Lastly, the Zeta Chapter of Sigma Theta Tau International established a scholarship program named aptly for Margaret Newman, the Margaret Newman Scholar award to support doctoral students whose research contributes to Dr. Newman’s theories (Professional biography of Margaret Newman).The Health as Expanding Consciousness (HEC) theory arose from the concern for people facing the debilitation, uncertainty, loss or even loss of life associated with chronic illness, which Nurses relate to.  Moreover, HEC has emerged from a nursing paradigm based on three elements part icularly a unitary or dynamic view, pattern that determines or identifies the wholeness and transformative unfolding as the process of change (Health as Expanding Consciousness).The theory assumes that every person regardless of disorder is part of the universal process of expanding consciousness – a process of becoming more of oneself and of reaching new dimensions of being intertwined with other people.   HEC incorporates disease as pattern of the whole and assumes that health is not separate from disease as compared to existing medical models. Nurses who utilize this kind of practice or mindset experience the how it is to participate in the expanding process enhancing lives and transforming them (Overview of the Theory).During her research, Dr. Newman observed that patients that were confined in hospitals described time as dragging. This was confirmed by extant studies that indicated the degree of physical mobility as well as state of health was related to the perception of time rather than a more focused attention to ones health. There are four concepts, particularly movement, space, time and consciousness that supply an ample framework to view health. However Newman placed more weight and attention on consciousness, describing it as expanded consciousness (Engle, 1983).HEC is based on several existing theories that will be briefly explained the succeeding paragraphs. HEC stems from Rogers’ theory of unitary human beings.  His human pattering assumptions and how they interact with the environment are the essential building blocks to the perspective that consciousness is a manifestation of an evolving pattern of interactions between a person and the environment.Consciousness not only encapsulates cognitive and affective awareness that is normally associated with it but also how the entire living system is interconnected with each other that can include physiochemical maintenance and growth processes as well as the immune system.   Rogerà ¢â‚¬â„¢s assertion that health and illness are related and are simply the manifestations of rhythmic fluctuations in life process is essentially the building block for seeing health and illness as a unitary process  moving through variations in order and disorder.With this in mind, a medical practitioner can no longer see health and illness in the dichotomous manner as prescribed by medical science, moreover health in the absence of disease or health as a continuum from illness to wellness.   Both the evolving pattern of consciousness and Health are the same.In order to effectively utilize this theory, one has to effectively change his/her paradigm in dealing with patients/people. In order to see health as the pattern of the whole, one should understand that disease is not a separate entity but rather it is a manifestation of interactions between the person and the environment. The paradigm shift is moving away from merely treating symptoms but rather searching for patterns and from viewing disease as negative and taking them as a part of the self-organizing process that would lead to a much higher state of consciousness.One of the theories supporting HEC is David Bohm’s theory of reality as undivided wholeness.   Bohm’s theory of reality states that disease is considered a manifestation of a whole of an underlying pattern and should be seen as a separate entity.   HEC is a health and medical perspective that requires a non-pragmatic worldview. Wellness and illness are simply different points in a single stick of reality. Unless seen in a fragmentary point of view, they cannot and should not be separated from the whole.Another supporting theory is that of Both Gregory Bateson (1979) and Arthur Young (1976) that emphasized the job of learning how things work in a nurse-patient atmosphere, determine the new rules of engagement and medical assistance and to move on to a new level of being and understanding in this medical field/profession. I t is the crux of situations in which nursing can assist people in their search for understanding of the evolving pattern of their lives.   The nurse-client relationship facilitates this kind of transformation and discovery.People continually move through periods of consciousness involving the loss of freedom in the development of self-identity until the maximum point of discovery or transformation is reached.   In this case, the things, methods or ideas that had previously been accepted don’t work anymore.  The task now is to learn the new rules, which the patient is enclosed.   There is a realization then of a person’s self-limitation prior to the transformation that makes it possible for one to go beyond in expanding his/her own consciousness.Lastly, Ilya Prigogine’s theory of change is one of the supporting theories in accordance to HEC.  The theory of change asserts that naturally occurring fluctuations of deterministic processes work together with chance events to usher in a bigger fluctuation that can actually thrust the system into another level of organization and functionality. Disorder is resisted by the structure as it places a strain on the existing structure.  The action induced at the fluctuation’s vital point has the potential to drive into several and varying directions, and it is impossible to identify its path.   It is at some point a single direction takes over the system and a new order is established with new rules created and applied upon.This occurring movement through stages of disruption, ambiguity and disorganization is made easier and possible by the presence of a caring other.   Extant research has continued to impress on the importance of a nurse’s role to partake a supportive role and partnership with the patient in order for the process expanding consciousness to unfurl (Newman, M.).By considering dealing with patients using the HEC framework, although there is a considerable pos sibility for nurse-patient affinity, it is more likely that treating patients with HEC the underlying diseases affecting the patients can easily be determined. By identifying a patient’s pattern, we can then identify the pattern of the environment upon which the patient is interconnected because the pattern of the patient reflects the pattern of the environment. This evolving pattern of order and disorder includes patterns that can be identified as health and disease (Exemplars).References:Newman, M. Overview of the Theory. Retrieved February 19, 2007, from http://www.healthasexpandingconsciousness.org/overview/overview.html. Newman, M. Health as Expanding Consciousness. Retrieved February 19, 2007. from http://www.healthasexpandingconsciousness.org/. Professional biography of Margaret Newman. Retrieved February 19, 2007, from Newman, M. Health as Expanding Consciousness (PowerPoint Presentation). University of Minnesota. Newman, M. Exemplars. Retrieved February 20, 2007. Fro m http://www.healthasexpandingconsciousness.org/exemplars/exemplars.html University of Tennessee Health Sciences Library and Biocommunications Center. Margaret Newman: A Nurse Theorist. Retrieved February 20, 2007. From http://library.utmem.edu/exhibits/newman/ Engle, V.F. (1983). Conceptual models of nursing: Analysis and application. Newman's model of health. In: J. Fitzpatrick & A. Whall (Eds.). 263-73.

Gaming and its benefits Essay Example

Gaming and its benefits Essay Example Gaming and its benefits Essay Gaming and its benefits Essay an international and state intelligence company, wrote an article in which she proposed that anyone over the age of 30 who spends any clip deep in some drooping couch, console in one manus, the other down the forepart of their bloomerss, conceive ofing themselves to be a battler in some make-believe metropolis, is feeble, they don’t take part in life in any meaningful way , she besides described gamers as sadsacks’ and will never acquire through an interview. ( Overington, 2010 ) This statement entirely has revealed her inability to separate between gamers and lazy people who don’t unrecorded life in a meaningful way. She is an sentiment author who speaks her head but doesn’t realize that such actions are non creditable without backed up documented beginnings. One of the well-known professional participant in a game called Leagues of Legend named Voyboy late released his life affecting a 2300 SAT mark and the completion of International Baccalaureate plan , an international high school grade. To this extent, the portion of never get through an interview or not populating life in a meaningful way would non be valid for using to this instance since Voyboy was accepted by competitory universities, but he refused in order to chase of his dream as a League of Legend professional participant. ( Voyboy ) aˆâ€ ¹The fact is that gamers are non corrupted by video games. Not all of them are unsafe like bike packs or look to be more violent than others. They play games because they are human existences with avocations like everyone else. And as worlds, they besides portion the same life experiences like many others. Bjergsen, a participant from a League of Legend professional squad called TSM shared his life narrative on Facebook which has many characteristic similar to what is go oning in our society. He grew up with a yesteryear of being bullied ; he struggled through schools and ended up dropping out. League of Legend was the safety he normally hid in when coming home and surprisingly, it was besides the way that took him out of intimidation ( Bjergsen ) . Sound familiar? With the late rubric of Superbowl title-holder, Seattle must be familiar with the name Derrick Coleman. Turning up deaf at the age of three, he must hold suffered many troubles accommodating to the schooling en vironment ( Derrick Coleman ) . Much like Bjergsen, both of them surpassed their restrictions and groomed to be celebrated names in different Fieldss of amusement. With these illustrations being shown, it has been proven that the labels originally discriminated gamers are invalid since these participants are non called jobless sadsacks’ any longer ; alternatively they are gaining an employee position with a consistency stipend for every bit long as they are populating up to the audiences’ outlook. Bet oning is like any other avocation ; it ever provides people alone ways of bettering their potencies. Admiting this stereotype is a first measure, the 2nd 1 is larning to acknowledge these benefits of gambling. League of Legend is late recognized as the most played online game in the universe ; it is difficult to conceive of that within five old ages the game has accumulated 32.5 million participants ( League of Legends ) . So what it make the game so popular? The game itself was based on squad synergism in which there are five functions in a squad ( therapist, charming harm bearer, oiler, and physical harm bearer ) ( League of Legends ) , each with their ain unique accomplishment sets, advantages and drawbacks. All purpose for one end: triumph. Because the matching system was random, participants could non ever acquire the function they were strong at, coercing them to exchange among the functions to suit the team’s demand. This alone feature non merely refreshes the game scene, pulling participants, but it besides promotes the thought of flexibleness and efficiency, learning participants the benefits of covering with defeat and anxiousness in adaptative ways, as research workers at Radboud University Nijmegen said ( Granic, Adam, Rutger ) Along with the pattern of control your anxiousness and pique, picture games can besides possess the potency of heightening players’ creativeness. At grade 7, my close friend and I started playing a game called Crossfire for five hours on the weekends, whenever we had the opportunity to travel out. Every hebdomad, we would dispute a twosome of childs from our school to play against us with the award being the merriment we all received. These small challenges shortly became an all-out, formal invitation merely, series of lucifers that involved around 16 participants per hebdomad. My friends and I were twelve old ages old back so, but we had already worked on the occupation of pull offing the tourneies, puting up the times, and be aftering out topographic points where we could run into. Together we were able to keep the tournament’s agenda of one lucifer per hebdomad and path all the mark in every lucifer to guarantee the equity that we had promised in our invitation. Compared to what an ordinary 5th-7th grader would make, was I being unproductive with my clip or anti-social as many would state? With the undeniable success of our tourney, this word could barely be used to depict any of us who had put much of our passion to this tourney. And surely, we are non blowing our clip either, as people say. In fact, our tourney was the grounds that gambling is non merely non uneconomical, it besides enhances gamers’ creativeness. I read in the intelligence a hebdomad ago that in 2008 participants of a game called Foldit helped research workers to place the crystal construction for a monkey virus related to AIDS ( Cooper 2010 ) . This job had taken research workers over 10 old ages, yet, with the originative heads used by these participants, the solutions were found three hebdomads after the launch day of the month of Foldit. In drumhead, non all picture games promote the sense of creativeness, nevertheless, the stereotype seems to generalise this fi eld, doing all games harmful to people. From this position, the claim: Gamers are blowing their life has proven to be inaccurate. Much like the competitory facet of our small tourney, League of Legend has their ain system which attracts participants to work toward better divisions ; nevertheless, the competitory ambiance of this game is more intense compared to ours, as winning here means the difference in the degree of esteem. Harmonizing to Dweck and her co-workers, people who were raised within the environment where their traits meant more than their attempt develop a belief that they are superior to others because of the features passed on by their parents. On the other manus, people sing the environment based entirely on attempt set up a impression that success is something to be worked for, non given ( Dweck ) . Believe it or non, these beliefs between both ideas can take to different results when holding to confront the same job. Give this information, League of Legend is placed in the worked-for environment. As described above, the game is set within the squad based environment in which each squad member is expected to execute good in order for everyone to acquire triumph. This can be really nerve-racking sometimes. In the practical universe, it doesn’t affair whether you are the president of the US or a drop-out high school pupil ; if you can turn out your abilities on the field, so you are better than the remainder of the battalion. However, if you can non make so consequently, so others in the squad will citizen you for the loss. The jobs are that participants can’t invariably perform good in every lucifer they participate. But, if they are exposed to the worked- for success environment, so participants are more than probably to stay unfastened to those unfavorable judgment ( Dweck ) . Unfortunately, there are non any proved dealingss between continuity in video games and real-world state of affairss ; nevertheless, the thought can trip the farther scrutiny into those ef fects that video games are conveying. As Charlie Brooker, an editor of The Sydney Morning Herald one time said: If you don’t play games, you’re non merely losing out ; you’re disregarding the most quickly germinating originative medium in history. ( Brooker ) Unlike their ascendant games like Mario and Pac Man of 10 to 20 old ages ago, modern picture games have expanded through many parts on our planet, giving participants more connexions than of all time before. Contrary to the stereotype which describes gamers as these stray animals who spend most of the clip by themselves, a batch of participants really play with their friends and household members. In games like Farmville, a Facebook game, neighbours are important to your success at the farm as they are the key of betterment. In this game that Zynga created, the object is to spread out the graduated table of your farm, from a paddle field to an animate being based farm, nevertheless, because this game is created on a societal web medium, the deve loper placed a large accent on the connexions people have. As the consequence, in order to endeavor for better points to better their farms, participants need to do the determinations to swear good neighbours, the active 1s, every bit good as reject the inactive 1s. Given these diverse societal interactions, participants are able to get and pattern these societal accomplishments in a small to no hazard involved environment, doing Farmville a campaigner for societal benefits that video games provide. Traveling off from the personal benefits that participants get from playing picture games, what can society acquire from acquiring rid of this stereotype, promoting the growing of picture games? Nowadays, about half of the US populations spend their clip playing either computing machine or picture games, or both, harmonizing to the Entertainment Software Association. In fact in the past 10 old ages, US picture games gross revenues have grown tripled to $ 7 billion ( Glazer ) . Many people think that this turning industry would non impact them at all in anyhow, nevertheless, based on the rule of economic: One person’s disbursement is another person’s income ( Krugman ) , this turning industry can interpret into many other field, turn outing people with many occupation. And as their income rises, people can hold a more flexible program for their budget which leads to an addition in consumer disbursement. These concatenation reactions can shortly hike the whole economic sy stem as more and more money is being circled about. As for our country’s benefit, we are acquiring a immense sum of revenue enhancement gross generated from this turning industry. And with this money, our authorities can hold a more flexible infinite to work with when implementing new measures or policies. A athletics is an activity in which people compete with each other while staying the regulations. Football requires the corporation between work forces in a squad. Similarly, League of Legend or DotA ask for a squad of five people in order to win a conflict. All squad has their obscure heroes, the 1 who guide them to triumph, a manager. And the most of import thing, both Fieldss are soaked with the tear of triumph along with letdown of the lickings. With all these shared characters and the mentioned advantages, can someday video games be recognized as a athletics if played professionally? In decision, clip is so really cherished as many people know, nevertheless, we can non ignore that the fact that clip spent by gamer is besides valuable. For those who aim for cultural benefits, finally, with all these presented benefits to the participants, we might acknowledge video games as a athletics, merely as we one time did with cheat. On the other manus, those who would wish to look more into the single benefits, picture games have proven their potencies to develop participants head, fiting them with a sharper reaction and better creativeness.

Analytic Report - Outsourcing Essay Example for Free

Analytic Report – Outsourcing Essay Offshore outsourcing, the sending of jobs to lower wage countries, has become a very popular practice amongst U. S. companies seeking ways to cut back on their operating costs. The idea of outsourcing has made for a highly emotional situation because of two dramatically different effects: it leads to layoffs and dislocations for workers. Well-educated workers in other countries are willing to work for a fraction of the wages paid to Americans, resulting in massive savings for American companies. The U. S. mports goods that would cost higher to produce domestically, and it creates and sells to other countries goods that would cost more for them to create on their own. The immediate problem resulting from outsourcing jobs is workers in the U. S. can become unemployed. The problem that causes a debate over outsourcing is even though it promises a better life for all involved; it causes hardships on the American workers when they are laid off. Economists argue that outsourcing is a bad choice because of the workers that are being laid off and displaced. In analyzing the Case Study IV-3 – IT Infrastructure Outsourcing at Schaeffer (A): The Outsourcing Decision, both sides of the outsourcing debate are well represented. Once the Schaeffer board assigned the highly ambitious growth goals to Reitzel, the Vice President of Human Resources made the recommendation that they outsource some of its IT processes and resources. During the initial evaluation of the possibility of outsourcing, Schaeffer determined what the benefits would be of having a vendor manage their IT. They determined that they would be able to focus on core activities during growth periods, which would help them to meet the goals set forth by the board. Outsourcing IT will allow them to remain focused on those business activities that are important without sacrificing quality or service to their customers. Next, they would be able to achieve reduced overhead costs and better operational control. An outsourcing company could bring better management skills to a company than what would otherwise be unavailable to them. Another added benefit would be staffing flexibility. Outsourcing will allow operations that have seasonal or cyclical demands to bring in additional resources when needed and release them when they are finished. Outsourcing these functions can provide the additional resources for a fixed period of time at a consistent cost. Continuity and risk management would also be greatly improved because when you have periods of high employee turnover which add uncertainty and inconsistency to the operations, outsourcing would provide a level of continuity while reducing the risk that a substandard level of operation would impact the company and its customers. They also determined that outsourcing could help diversify and develop the staff by bringing in people with skills that are needed within the company and by providing training opportunities that had not previously been available for current staff. Once the idea of outsourcing was presented, a task force was created to analyze their current processes and map them in as great a detail as possible. This would help them to determine exactly what their outsourcing needs were going to be. They brought on an outside consultant who provided them with advice on how to proceed as well as detailed templates to assist them in gathering the necessary information to help them create the Request for Proposal (RFP). They determined that they wanted to outsource the data center, distributed computing (all desktops), voice (telephones), data networks, and the helpdesk. It was also determined that they did not want to outsource their development resources. The task force spent a year gathering data and filling out the templates so that they had a complete picture of their current services to better understand their outsourcing needs. They then spent several months preparing a 200-page RFP that could be provided to possible outsourcing vendors. After receiving two strong proposal responses, it was determined that ABC Corporation would be the best fit for Schaeffer’s outsourcing needs. There was a lot of negotiation to be able to bring the price within the needs of the company, but after several weeks of back and forth an agreement was reached. The next step was to get Schaeffer’s top management’s buy-in to the task force’s recommended solution. However, once the task force report was circulated internally, there were a lot of perceived disadvantages raised by its managers. One of the first concerns that was brought up with the consistency and priority of service that Schaeffer would receive. Most outsourced IT contracts are for a relatively long time-period. This is because of the high cost of transferring assets and employees as well as maintaining technological investment. The long time-period of the contract can cause three particular problems. One, difficulties in getting out of a contract if the supplier turns out to be unsuitable; two, problems in foreseeing what the business will need over the life of the contract hence creating difficulties in negotiating new services; and three, almost insurmountable problems in re-creating an internal IT department after the contract period is over or the relationship is terminated. Another major concern that was discussed was the impact to employee morale with the inevitable reduction in Schaeffer IT personnel, where some would be absorbed by the vendor but most would be given a severance package and laid off. And the employees who remain may distrust management after outsourcing because they will become fearful that their position could be targeted next. Administration should treat morale problems seriously and will need to work with staff to rebuild their trust and loyalty. The company is a major employer in the area so the decision to outsource could also have a ripple effect in the community by damaging their reputation. The vice president for finance of the Colbert division brought up the concern that the major benefits of outsourcing would only be beneficial to the Reitzel division whereas the other two divisions would incur additional costs without additional benefits. This concern led to a third alternative being suggested; outsource the IT infrastructure just for the Reitzel division. Based on the information included in the case study for all three alternatives, outsourcing should be the chosen solution. It is the most flexible solution for their growth goals. Outsourcing would allow for them to expand in areas more quickly without all of the time and costs associated with startups. The vendor already has the infrastructure to support the areas that they most want to expand into, allowing for quicker turnaround times in meeting customer needs and wants, especially for new business growth. If they kept the IT in-house, they would need to make a substantial investment of both time and money in expanding their services and support that would be needed for new business and it would need to be done very quickly to be able to meet the goals set by the Board of Directors. If they tried to adopt the third alternative, of only outsourcing the IT for the Reitzel division, it would negate all of the time and cost savings of the consolidation of the divisional IT groups into a shared services solution. It would then cause duplication of work and processes between the in-house IT team and the outsourced group, which would be impactful to the overall costs for all divisions. Each solution had its own pro’s and con’s, and needed to be evaluated against the best interest in achieving Schaeffer’s overall goals in the marketplace. Like it or not, change is an integral part of today’s business climate. In the workplace, changes can occur as a result of new thinking, advances in technology, innovation and progress, knowledge and communication, as well as mergers, takeovers, layoffs, and downsizing. A lot of the concerns and disadvantages were voiced after the task force’s recommendation had been developed, presented, and circulated within the company. Communication is key! This could have been avoided by having better communication throughout the life cycle of the whole process, from the information gathering, to the development of the RFP, and the presenting of the final recommendations. A lot of people probably felt blindsided by the proposed solution to outsource the IT infrastructure because they have been conditioned to fear change. We must not lose sight of the fact that change is normal, and most of us will experience unpredictable changes throughout our professional lives. However, there is no doubt that everyone views change from a different perspective than everyone else. Many employees believe that management doesn’t understand their side of the story, and managers often feel it is the employees who don’t understand why the change is necessary. This is why communication is so vital during any change circumstance. It’s been said that lack of communication is the number one reason why relationships deteriorate between employers and employees. Change will require open communication on both sides. None of us want to acknowledge that we doubt our ability to integrate new ideas, use new technology, or adapt to new organizations. We don’t even want to think about what’s ahead when outsourcing a whole department: new management structure, new processes and procedures, new terminology, new titles and job descriptions, not to mention the loss of longtime co-workers, friends, and family. The more we fight and resist the change, the more painful and frightening the changes will be. Resisting doesn’t keep a new idea from taking hold; it simply makes the process longer and more painful. Change will happen no matter what. We will handle it better when we learn to move with the change – not against it. It’s natural to fear the unknown and lack of control when it comes to embracing a new concept such as outsourcing that goes completely against the traditional workplace structure. There will be a lot of struggle during the transition period. We know we will have to work a lot harder. Are we willing to let go of the present to embrace the future? We may not know what the future will bring, but we are responsible for what we bring to the future. Analytic Report – Outsourcing. (2016, Dec 10).

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 15

Report - Essay Example According to the Oxy Chemical case, the message is important to top management cadre, employees, and also the public in general. The integration of drug test policy in the organization will help the organization achieve its desired goals and objectives without any setbacks resulting from employee health and safety within the workplace. Drug use and abuse of substance has a negative effect on employees’ performance. As a result, it is imperative for the organization to carry out various intervention strategies and procedures that will curb the problem. According to President Morgan, employees’ drug test in the organization will have a positive impact on employees’ production capacity and promote corporate social responsibility. Morgan argued that alienation of workers from the organization does not solve the entire issue of drug use and substance. Therefore, initiating a procedure through which employees undertake drug testing will help the society, resulting into a positive corporate image (USDL 3). Drug use and abuse of substance can only be mitigated through correction and improvement procedures among employees in order to increase production capacity. Drug testing regulations and laws vary from one country to the other. The implementation of drug testing policies among employees is necessary in some large organizations that have high sensitive jobs. Some governments may prohibit or allow drug test policies for employees in the workplace. For instance, Indian does not have a particular law that prohibits or encourage employees to carry out drug testing. Therefore, the organization is left with the sole responsibility to determine whether to perform drug testing. The Oxy Chemical plant President proposed drug testing among employees aimed at rectifying and improving health standards within the workplace.

Assignment Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Assignment Literature Review - Essay Example Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a procedure that is performed on the person in cardiac arrest. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation involves rescue breathing to enable provision of oxygen to the individual’s lungs and chest compressions to keep the individual’s blood circulating (Medline). Although the practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation is over two and a half centuries old (CPR Stats and Facts, AHA) but still majority of the people in America are not able to perform it properly and this is the reason that the survival rate from Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation is low. Peer-reviewed literature suggests that the quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitations performed in-hospital is also inconsistent. It is worth mentioning that American Heart Association had made recommendations for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC) in 1974, 1980, 1986 and 1992 and the European Resuscitation Council in 1992, 1996 and 1998 then in 2000 the International Guideli nes for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care, â€Å"Guidelines 2000† were finalised and these were evidence based (American Heart Association, in collaboration with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, 2000). Extant published literature has listed the following major drawbacks in traditional Cardiopulomnary Resuscitation (Murthy & Hooda, 2009): 1. Bystanders are more willing to perform chest-compression-only resuscitation for a person who unexpectedly collapses an approach that all agree is dramatically better than doing nothing. 2. Interrupting chest compressions for ventilation during cardiac arrest decreases survival. 3. Positive pressure ventilation during CPR for cardiac arrest increases intra-thoracic pressures, which decreases venous return to the thorax and subsequent perfusion of the heart and the brain. One of the leading practitioners has commented that despite its long standing existence, it is a serious problem that 70– 80% of bystanders who witness cardiac arrest are unwilling or unable to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (Ewy G , 2007). Furthermore, it has been suggested that Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation may be good for patients with respiratory arrest. In light of this it is said that a new system of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation called Cardiocerebral Resuscitation (CCR) or Continuous-chest-compression CPR (CCR-CPR) or chest-compression-only CPR or Cardiac-only Resuscitation, specially for out of hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation in adults (Ewy, 2003). The main change in Cardiocerebral Resuscitation with respect to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation is that in the case of Cardiocerebral Resuscitation the chest compressions are administered nonstop. Numerous studies and significant peer-reviewed research has supports Cardiocerebral Resuscitation (CCR). This effort of devising Cardiocerebral Resuscitation was based on the studies carried out by other researchers in the past. Such studies were aimed at performing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with chest compressions alone (Hallstrom, Cobb, Johnson, & Copass, 2000). A team of researchers have posited that in the case of realistic model of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, continuous chest compressions without assisted ventilations resulted in significantly better 24-hour postresuscitation neurologically normal

A strategic map of different drinks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A strategic map of different drinks - Essay Example Multi-brand Dominate brand Single brand Regional National International A strategic map provides a visual evaluation of how a brand dominates the market concerning its presence in the market. from the case study, the strategic map would be represented by the above graph. The products have been evaluated by comparing the brands and their presence in the market. other products available in a specific region have the lowest position in the strategic map, this is because they are a local product and the management has not focused on marketing. Comparing products available internationally, single brand products like Red bull and Rockstar are positioned lower compared to dominate and multi-brands. A brand with many products attracts a larger market share compared to a product with a single product. In the case study, Coca-Cola and Pepsi are better positioned compared to other brands under evaluation. For other brands to compete effectively with the best-positioned brands, the management ne eds to market the products to the international market. the management needs to strategize to ensure product diversity in a brand. Geographic distribution will increase product scope and diversity in a product will allow customers to have choice. Products like 5-hour energy are moderately positioned in the strategic map in terms of distribution, the single brand is distributed nationally placing it above regional brands (Gamble, 2010). 5. What key factors determine the success of alternative beverage producers?   The beverage industry is competitive due to the many players that have invested in it. The success of each player is dependent on various factors. One of the main factors is a strong brand name. some of the older and established brands have a larger market share compared to the newer brand. Companies like Coca-Cola and Pepsi have a larger market share. Market penetration is another factor influencing the success of products. Brands that have penetrated the market and have a global distribution system have more sales compared to local brands. The companies are able to advertise their products through developed distribution channels. Big companies like Pepsi and Coca-Cola have established productions and distribution outlets in many parts of the world to ensure that the customer has access to the product. The taste of the beverage is also a key factor, the beverage should have a unique taste that attracts clients to the brand. Coca-Cola has a secret formula that is passed down from generation to generation, giving Coca-Cola a unique global brand. The beverage companies invest heavily in the marketing of its products, marketing creates market awareness thus increasing the popularity of the products. Marketing also informs the customers of the variations in the products a brand has and their availability. Beverage companies have to invest in innovation. The management should ensure that the company competes not only in its primary competition group but also against other beverages in the market. 6. What recommendations would you make to Coca-Cola to improve its competitiveness in the global alternative beverage industry? to PepsiCo? to Red Bull GmbH? Coca-Cola has a good position in the market. To maintain this position, the company has to carry out extensive research to evaluate the customers’ needs in the global market. Through research, the company will be able to produce new products that will appeal to the dynamic beverage market. Through market research, the company will be able to evaluate the products being produced and discontinue production of non-profitable products. The resources can be reassigned to profitable product and the production of new products in the market (Gamble, 2010). Pepsi is also a strong brand in the market, the main

Roles and responsibilities of a teacher

Roles and responsibilities of a teacher Review your own roles and responsibilities as a Teacher, in terms of the Teaching/Training Cycle, identifying boundaries that should be set. INTRODUCTION In every profession, there are roles and responsibilities and boundaries that are set in order to divide the line that indicates the farthest limit. Roles and Responsibilities are important because they would facilitate order in any given organisation and allow personal and organisational objectives to be met, as those with Roles will be accountable to their functions. Actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group are referred to as Roles while the obligations to carry forward an assigned task to a successful conclusion are referred to as Responsibilities. All learning institutions are subject to legislation. It is of relevance that in this assignment I link these roles and responsibilities to current legislative requirements such as Disability Discrimination Act, (DDA), Special Education Needs (SEN), and Equal Opportunities. Under the Professional Code of Practice, I have responsibilities as a teacher to undertake 30 hours of Continued Professional Development per year and I must also update my subject knowledge. I must therefore, have clarity on my roles and responsibilities in order to prevent omission of duty. In this assignment I will examine the Roles and Responsibilities of a Teacher in relation to the Teaching/Training Cycle. This will lead to focussing on professional activities within the learning cycle. I will also recognise the professional boundaries that govern a teachers behaviour in order to comply with the Professional code of conduct. It is therefore, of significance that I discuss where the teachers different roles stop. After analysing this topic, I will come up with a conclusion. Holtrop (1997) suggests that Obviously teachers wear many hats: friend, counsellor, judge, mentor, hundreds of roles and different roles for different classes, students and extracurricular duties. In relation to the Training cycle, I have a role of Assessor. A majority of learners will have different individual learning needs and for me to accommodate their needs, I need to have assessment skills that will promote equality, diversity and inclusion. I will link this to Domain A of the LLUK Standards which states one of the professional practices as Apply principles to evaluate and develop own practice in promoting equality and inclusive learning and engaging with diversity. I can achieve this by carrying out thorough initial assessments that will help me to identify different learner needs such as poor writing skills, poor reading skills, disabilities etc. This would be in line with Domain C Ways to identify individual learning needs and potential barriers to learning in own specialist area. This will make it easier for both the learner and me to access learning and deliver learning respectively, because based on the assessment needs that I will identify, I must have knowledge understanding of how I will apply the different assessment methods like formative and summative assessments to meet these needs. This may increase the level of motivation to both the learner and teacher. I will link this to Domain E which is about assessment for learning Theories and principles of assessment and the application of different forms of assessment, including initial, formative and summative assessment in teaching and learning. In my role as a teacher I am to conduct initial assessments which will help me to identify learners needs, knowledge and skills and also help to identify referral points against levels within the National Standards. When I identify needs that need to be referred, I will have to give the learner information, advice and guidance to where they are being referred. This will be linked to Domain F which is about access and progression- sources of information, advice, guidance and support to which learners might be referred. This also promotes the Wayt (2008) explains that Assessing varying learning styles within a group and considering learners motivation and previous experiences helps identify various teaching methods that could be useful throughout the programme. Sessions incorporating visual, auditory and kinaesthetic learning styles ensures students have equal rights to learning and provide the opportunity to re-evaluate what is already known while exploring aims and objectives from a different perspective. The initial assessment will provide me with some important detail to inform the plan, which will be revised on an on-going basis to monitor the learners progress and identify any subsequent support needs. Both learner and teacher will be aware of what the learner knows and is able to do and what he/she needs to learn. It is also important for me and the learner to know how the learner likes to learn; as this helps me to identify barriers to learning such as difficulties in reading, writing, numeric, language skills and any other disabilities and will make reasonable adjustments in order to use the appropriate assessment methods that will meet the individual learners needs and promote equality and diversity. At this stage, should any learner require support which is beyond my competence, I will refer and ensure that I give the learner the right information on their referral, so as to meet the professional standards in Domain F of the LLUK Sources of information, advice, guidance and s upport to which learners might be referred. This is in line with the Equal Opportunities Act (2004) which states that all learners must have equal access to learning regardless of their learning barriers, disabilities, sex, religion, and race. Under the Disability Discrimination Act 1995(as amended by the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001) disabled learners must not be treated less favourably and teachers must make reasonable adjustments to ensure that disabled learners are not at a substantial disadvantage compared to their peers. . Following the initial assessment, I should do a diagnostic assessment in order to identify specific individual needs and support required and this will lead to the creation of a detailed personal profile, providing the basis for an Individual Learning Plan. As an Assessor, I have limits to this role. By doing a thorough assessment, I may identify needs that are beyond my competence and may need to refer the learner appropriately. For example, if I identify that a Learner has financial needs, I may need to refer the said learner to the appropriate department. This in itself is helping meet the learners need and adhering to the professional boundaries. It would be very unprofessional for a teacher to give money to a learner to fund his/her education or get money from a learner. This is to conform to the LLUK standard in Domain A which states that Conform to statutory requirements and apply codes of practice and also Domain F which says Boundaries of own role in supporting learners. And one of the professional code of practice introduced by the Institute for Learning (IFL) states that a teacher must protect the interest of the learners and the wider public and any member of the Institute for Learning who breaches the code will be subject t o disciplinary investigation as described by the disciplinary procedure. Let me look at another role of a teacher. As a teacher, I am a Planner, in that I plan appropriate, effective, coherent and inclusive learning programmes that promote equality and engage with diversity. This means I should plan for the use of different teaching methods and activities which are in line with the curriculum requirements and meet the needs of the learners. These may be group discussions, questioning etc. This is in line with the LLUK Standard Domains B and D BK2.1 Principles of learning and ways to provide learning activities to meet curriculum requirements and the needs of all learners. DK 1.1 How to plan appropriate, effective, coherent and inclusive learning programmes that promote equality and engage with diversity. Planning is a very important role for me because it will direct or guide me in the delivery session. My planning will depend on the identified individual needs, which will prompt me to use the appropriate teaching methods. This is because I am required to ensure that the identified needs of my learners are properly taken care of in my planning process. Without planning, I might not be able to meet the learners needs and may not deliver in line with the curriculum. This may result in de-motivation and dissatisfaction to both the learner and I, as learners will feel they have not been catered for and I will feel I have not played my role as a planner. In view of the on going assessments, I am responsible for preparing the assessments in such a way that they meet the needs of individual learners and promote equality, diversity and inclusion. In this case, it is important for me to use different assessment methods such as formative and summative assessments. These could be direct observation, oral questioning, professional discussion, witness testimony of case studies. When this is done, I will have met the LLUK Standard Domain E Theories and principles of assessment and the application of different forms of assessment, including initial, formative and summative in teaching and learning. It is part of my responsibility to ensure that learners are involved in planning for assessments. Learners should not be subjected to a surprise assessment. I should always involve them at the planning stage and be able to give them opportunities to make their own suggestions and choices without putting them in situations where they feel overwhelmed . This will give them a sense of ownership. This is in line with LLUK Standard Domain E Ensure that learners understand, are involved and share in responsibility for assessment of their learning. The planning session should be able to meet the individual learner needs, by considering different resources that will promote fair and effective assessment. For example, a teacher who is going to assessor a learner at a place of work must have planned in advance with the learner, who might have suggested that it was better to do the assessment in the morning because that is when a lot of activities take place. If this happens, it is most likely that the learner will feel at ease and have a sense of fulfilment because he/she has been involved in the planning process and his/her need met. This is linked to Domain E Apply appropriate methods of assessment fairly and effectively. A teacher is also an Information Provider (Lecturer). In reference to the Teaching/Learning cycle, this role requires me to deliver/implement teaching as planned and designed, inclusively to promote equality and diversity. Gay (2000) states that, It is very important for teachers to appreciate the impact culture has on learning. Furthermore, they must make their teaching well suited to the social cultural contexts and frames of reference of ethnically diverse students.  Ã‚   I must therefore, take the differentiation approach, to be able to offer a range of approaches and resources to meet the needs of an individual or a group of learners. It is my responsibility to develop and produce teaching and learning materials appropriate for a range of contexts, purposes and target audiences. Different learners have different levels of understanding and knowledge, and if I am to cater for their needs, I will have to use different teaching tools, such as DVDs, handouts and practical demonstrations(which must be referenced to the curriculum) When applied these teaching tools will promote equality, diversity and inclusion and will have the potential for language, literacy, numeracy and information and communicat ion technology for learners and will make it easier for those who understand visual, auditory and kinaesthetic learning. For example, a learner who understands well when they see might need to watch the video to get understanding. This can be linked to Domain B of the LLUK Standards Ways to ensure that resources used are inclusive, promote equality and support. This can also be linked to Bloom (1997)s taxonomy where he separates out learning into three Domains Cognitive domain concerns our thinking and memory and our capacity for understanding. The psychomotor domain deals with our abilities, the skills that we have, what we can physically do. Affective domain relates to our understanding, i.e. our approach, our attitude to what we do. I am also responsible for making the learning environment a safe place to comply with the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974.) This calls for risk assessments, which help to identify any hazards that would hinder learning. According to Maslows pyramid, everyone needs to feel protected against any life threatening cause. This is also in accordance with the LLUK Standard Domain B- which states that Ways to maintain a learning environment in which learners feel safe and supported. It is therefore important for me to maintain safety in the learning environment and to make learners be aware of their responsibilities in maintaining safety, as health and safety is everyones responsibility.   As a teacher, I have the role of a Mentor/ Counsellor in delivering the course. I should be able to apply appropriate teaching and learning strategies which take account of individual learner needs. When delivering the course, I must show understanding of the responsibilities and boundaries of my own role in providing support for individual learners for example, signposting and /or referring on specialist services. Learners should be given information on where they can find further information, advice, guidance or learning provision. I also need to ensure that learners understand the context of the course, for example the NVQ standards, its application and contribution to the care sector, the economy and the community. It is therefore, important for me to attend standardisation meetings in order to keep abreast with current standards in my specialist area, as required by the LLUK Standards Domain C Own specialist area including current developments and Domain C Ways in which own specialist relates to the wider social, economic and environmental context. Gravells (2007) asserts that, learners learn from each other as well as the tutor. To promote diversity in my delivery, I must ensure that there is involvement of all students in relevant activities, rather than excluding them for any direct or indirect reasons (inclusively), as mentioned in the Tomlinson report. Teachers must facilitate learning environments which will promote culture and ethnic diversity. Therefore, learners from different ethnic groups will be able to voice their cultural expression in order to increase content and learning processes. The assessment of learners competence is an important role of a teacher. I will assess what the learner has learnt and will be responsible for finding out what methods of teaching and learning would be most appropriate for the learner and to motivate the learner to continue and to do better. This can be achieved by using formative and summative assessments. In relation to my area of teaching NVQs in Health and Social Care, formative assessment is aimed to helping the learner become competent and meet specific performance criteria. This should be an ongoing process, where regular tutorial sessions take place, teacher following workplace observation and completing of written tasks. I am responsible for giving learners constructive feedback on their performance, which will motivate them, especially those that are unsure of their own abilities. This can be linked to Domain E The role of feedback and questioning in assessment for learning. I am also responsible for recording outcomes of formative assessment and keeping these records updated and stored safely for confidentiality to conform to the LLUK Standard Domain A Keep accurate records which contribute to organisational procedures. This will in turn give learners a clear guidance as to what aspects of performance they shall still need to work on. In view of the Data Protection Act (1998), I must keep all records within confidentiality agreements to comply with organisational policies and procedures and also to comply with the LLUK Standard Domain A The need for confidentiality, respect and trust in communicating with others about learners. Summative assessment will take place at the end of the learning, giving feedback on learning achievements, maybe a qualification, test or a completed Individual Learning Plan. In relation to NVQs, summative assessment will represent a formal summing up of the learners achievement on completion of a particular piece of work; this may be at a completion of each unit. I will be responsible for making a final judgement on the whole of a unit after making a series of formative assessments. This also must be recorded as evidence to represent the learners competence at the time of the summative assessment. A teacher has a role of an evaluator as well. It is my responsibility to make an assessment of, or to judge what I have delivered. Evaluation will help me to look back at how I delivered the learning and find out what could be done differently. I will need to evaluate my own practice on a regular basis, such as my opinions on the course and how it could be made better next time. Learners must be given the opportunity to evaluate the course whether they achieved something, were the teaching materials enough? Did the course meet individual learner needs? This will help to improve delivery in subsequent sessions. In my role as NVQ Tutor/Assessor, I may need to follow the established structure in place, that means I need to be observed actually assessing and giving feedback and then I will be given feedback on how I perform and how I could improve. Some of the ways of getting feedback on my assessment and teaching skills could be, asking an experienced colleague to observe me, get feedback- formal and informal from learners on different types of assessments I use and how these can be improved. This can also be done by writing reflections to explore and evaluate the different ways I assess, using information from colleagues and learners, as well as the actual experiences and results related to the assessments I use with learners. Reflective practice will enhance good practice and further improve what I do in my subject area. All this is in line with the LLUK Standard Domain E The role of feedback in effective evaluation and improvement of own assessment skills. Revising is about making changes based on the evaluation information and will enable continuous improvements to be made. I am responsible for making any changes to the assessment or teaching methods that were not effective to the learners in order to meet their needs. This can be linked to Domain E The role of feedback in effective evaluation and improvement of own assessment skills. A teacher is a researcher. I should take responsibility to engage in continuing professional development to inform my practice, as this is one of the Codes of Professional Practice. As a teacher, I need to do a lot of research by reading relevant books, using the internet, journals, attending training and other relevant sources to update my knowledge. I am responsible for attending Standardisation meetings to inform my practice and to work in line with the specified standards. I must take it upon myself to explore and keep my mind focused to get knowledge and understanding. Collaborating with others would help to improve my own and team performance. This is in relation to the LLUK Standards in Domain A Ways to reflect, evaluate and use research to develop own practice and to share good practice with others. There are boundarieswithin professional disciplines. Teachers are not supposed to borrow money from learners, neither are they allowed to lend money to learners. It would be unprofessional for a teacher to be found in such a situation. Teachers are also reminded not to go beyond their role by going to learners home for assessment or learner coming to teachers home for assessment. All assessments must take place at the centre and /or workplace. As a teacher, I must always follow organisational procedures in dealing with issues such as complaints and appeals and make references appropriately, especially where the issue is not within my competence. CONCLUSION Roles and responsibilities are important because they will promote accountability among teachers and will help meet personal, organisational goals and individual learner needs. It would be frustrating if teachers lacked clarity on their roles and responsibilities because they would be stuck with who is doing what and who answers to whom? When these roles and responsibilities are applied, they benefit both the learner and teacher, by delivering learning which is inclusive, and promotes equality and diversity. Boundaries will help teachers to work within their limits and adhere to the professional code of practice. . Wayt(2008) The responsibility of a teacher will be to continually   reassess development and change during the course and create a seamless transition   to ensure smooth delivery. This just confirms the teaching/learning cycle. I am responsible for ensuring that the cycle is on going, by seeing to it that action plans are put in place, constructive feedback is given to the learner where necessary and the cycle does not break. This will increase the level of motivation, satisfaction and will help to achieve the goals for both the learner and me. The teacher will also be responsible for inducting the learners to the organisation and course so that learners understand what is expected of them and what the organisation can deliver. This will also help the learners to have a clear understanding of the organisational rules and regulations and also of the course contents. This is likely to result in learners having a good foundation for their course and be able to prepare adequately. REFERENCES Bloom (1997) Maslin-Prosthero -page 185 Gay (2000) Available at http:/www.intime.uni.edu/multiculture/curriculum/culture/roles.htm Accessed on 6th December, 2009 Gravell A (2007) FE champion January, 2007- Post compulsory education and training. Available at www.pcet.net/articles63.html (Date accessed 6th December, 2009) Holtrop (1997) Available at http:/www.huntington.edu/education/lessonplanningroles.html Accessed on 6th December, 2009 Wayt S.(2008). Holistic Health and well-being. Available at http/:www.balance-therapy.co.uk Accessed 6th December, 2009 LLUK STANDARD DOMAINS LINKS Domain A AP 3.1 Domain C CK3.2 Domain E EK 1.1 Domain F   -FK 1.1 Domain A AP 6.1 Domain F -FK 2.1 Domain B BK 2.1 Domain D DK 1.1 Domain E EK1.1 Domain E EP3.1 Domain E -EP2.1 Domain B BK5.2 Domain B BK1.1 Domain C CK1.1 Domain C -CK1.2 Domain E EK4.1 Domain E EK5.1 Domain E EK4.2 Domain A AK4.